Portfolio Requirements, Updated

ENGLISH 201, SECTION 06: PORTFOLIO

Portfolios must be handed in to me, in person, by Monday, December 13th before 5 p.m. I will be in my office from nine to eleven and then from two to five. If you cannot make it to my office during those times, please contact me prior to the 13th to schedule an alternate time. If you do not hand the portfolio to me before 5 p.m. on the 13th, it will be considered late and will receive a significant reduction in points. If you do not turn in the portfolio before grades are filed, you will receive an F for the course.

FORMAL PORTFOLIO REQUIREMENTS

• At least 22 pages of revised writing, which will include the following materials:
• Final, portfolio draft of your third essay.
• 2800 words, minimum (roughly nine full pages of writing, not including works cited page)
• Works cited page/s (at least eight sources)
• Correct MLA style for the entire document (review A Writer’s Resource)
• An appropriate title
• Review essay prompts two and three to help you assess your own work
• All drafts written in the process of completing the final portfolio draft.
• Include drafts from papers one, two, and three.
• When available include the drafts with my or your peers’ marginalia and end comments.
• One to two page letter, single-spaced, defending your final draft.

Please organize the above materials in this way: The letter will go on top, then the final portfolio draft of your third essay, and finally each draft of the essay compiled in chronological order, with the latest drafts coming first. Once organized, place all materials in an appropriately sized manila envelope. Do not use a binder. I will not accept portfolios if they are delivered in anything but a manila envelope.

THE FINAL PORTFOLIO DRAFT

This is a finely polished draft of the third essay. All requirements listed in the prompt for the third essay apply to this draft, so please reread the prompt and re-familiarize yourself with its content (looking at the prompt. For this draft, the little things will count and, thus, can count against you if they are neglected. This means proper formatting, proper use of page numbering, and a proper works cited page. If necessary, review MLA formatting in A Writer’s Resource.

Up to this point, the writing process has been your focus. Now it’s time to consider the writing product. The portfolio is the end of this work, and it is now time for me, as your instructor, to judge its quality. Though I will take into account your effort during the revision process, ultimately I must make a decision about your grade based on this final product. Be sure that you have done all you can to improve the final portfolio draft before turning it in to me.

REVISION DRAFTS

You must include a single copy of all drafts. If you have to choose between multiple copies of the same draft, include the one that has my marginalia and end comments. If you do not have a draft with my comments, use one that includes comments from a workshop peer. Clearly label each draft of each essay. For example, when you include the second draft of your second essay, label it in black marker above the title: Essay 2 Draft 2. These should be arranged in chronological order newest to oldest (Essay 1 Draft 1 should be on the bottom).

REVISION NARRATIVE LETTER

This will go on the top of all other material. It’s the first thing I should see, and it will be the first thing I read before grading your portfolio. This letter should be a defense of your revision process. You need to talk about why you chose your topic, how you decided to develop it, the research strategies you used to inform it, and the revision strategies you used to improve it. You need to point to specific changes you made (and which you think are particularly good) and you need to discuss why you made them, that is, why you think they improve your paper.

Use the language we have developed throughout the semester to focus your letter. This may include:

• Talk about research strategies
• Methods for summarizing and synthesizing
• Use of different modes of argumentation
• Improvement of unity and coherence
• Revision of the thesis

However you frame your discussion, be sure to cite specific examples from your work. Think of this letter as a short essay critiquing your own work.

IMPORTANT

Do not neglect to meet the above requirements. If you do, you will receive a substantial reduction in points. The portfolio counts for a significant portion of your grade (%60), so if you have any questions, please do not hesitate to ask before the due date.

DUE DATE

MONDAY, DECEMBER 13, 2010
Deliver to my office, Avery 383, between 9 a.m. and 11 a.m. or 2 p.m. and 5 p.m.

Any portfolio turned in after 5 p.m. will be considered late, and ten percent will be deducted from its final grade. If your portfolio is not received before the grades are filed, you will be given an F for the course.

last 4

Rhee, Kyung. “Childhood Overweight and the Relationship between Parent Behaviors, Parenting Style, and Family Functioning”. The American Academy of Political and Social Science, Volume 12 (2008). Print.
This article discusses the relationship between parent behaviors, parenting style, and how a family functions with respect to the development of a childhood overweight. Parents can influence a child's weight through specific feeding and activity practices and also through their parenting style and family functions. Understanding the impact of specific parent behaviors within the context of parenting style and family functioning is very important for children’s health. This article is helpful to me because it shows the relationships between the parental behaviors, and practices and how they influence the child.

Murphy, Maureen.“Parental Perceptions of the Schools' Role in Addressing Childhood Obesity”. Journal of School Nursing Allen Press Publishing Services. (2007):40-46. Print.

This article is about the schools that struggle with their role in the children obesity epidemic. In this article there is a survey taken of school-aged children’s parents about their perceptions of childhood obesity, body mass index and the school’s role in prevention and treatment of obesity. More than half of the parents identified poor eating behavior and parental control. Parents also support eliminating junk food vending machines in the school, and offering low calorie meals. This article can be important to my research because it deals with the parents’ perceptions of their children, and how they can change the face of foods served in schools.

Luce- Demory, Debby. “Fast Food and Children and Adolescents: Implications for Practitioners”. Clinical Pediatrics Volume 44. (2005): 279. Print.
This article talks about how the consumption of fast food affects children and adolescents. The nutritional content of fast food is very poor and unhealthy. This article also talks about healthier choices that fast food companies have to offer children and alternatives to typical “junk food” of hamburger and fries. This article is very important to my research by pointing out the effects that fast food has on children and how it positively correlates to childhood obesity.


Jalonick, Mary Clare. “Childhood Obesity Still Rising andParents don’t see it.” The Seattle Times 29 June 2010. Web 10 October 2010.
This article is about an obesity report shows that an increasing awareness of obesity and its threat to public health. It talks about how it has not become apparent to adults with children that they are threatened. Nearly 84 percent of parents believe their children are at a healthy weight. This report talks about the rise of adult obesity and how it translates to their children. This article will be helpful to me because it does talk about the lack of parental awareness in children, and how this can lead to obesity.

Amy Foss- Whoops only did two last night heres my last 2!

Works Cited

Carter, J. "About 15 Percent Of Major College Athletes May Have Symptoms Of Eating Disorders, Study Suggests." OSU Research News Index Page. 22 Aug. 2002. Web. 26 Oct. 2010. .

In this article it argues that eating disorders are no more prevalent in female college athletes than college females that are not athletes. It provides a study that was done to prove this fact. This helps my research because I gives me a counter argument to the argument I make in my paper that college female athletes are more likely to develop eating disorders than non-athletes.

Smiley, Nikkie. "Eating Disorders Among Female College Athletes." The Sport Journal 13.4 (2008). Print.

In this article the argument that female athletes are more likely to develop eating disorders than non-athletes is made. And they provide a study that was done to back up their argument. This article was beneficial to my research because it gave me another angle to add to my paper that I really think will help strengthen it.

Hayley Pearce- Last 4 annotated bibliographies

Garner, David M. "Cambridge Journals Online - CUP Full-Text Page." Cambridge Journals. Web. 02 Nov. 2010. .
In this source, Garner describes the research findings from self-reports from 40 anorexic patients. The participants described their symptoms from anorexia. This source won’t be very helpful in my later research because I am not focusing on the symptoms of anorexia but the causes of it. I will probably use this source for background information if I use it in my papers.

Maloney, Katie. "Anorexic Teens Get Boost From Family-Based Therapy - Newsweek." Newsweek - National News, World News, Business, Health, Technology, Entertainment, and More - Newsweek. Web. 21 Oct. 2010. .
In this article, Maloney argues that recent research suggests that family-based therapy provides anorexic patients with a better long-term prognosis for recovery rather than individual treatment. These studies have shown that “including the family…leads to a faster, more complete, recovery…” This will be helpful with my research because from the books I have used so far, many claim that familial issues are one of the causes of a patient developing anorexia. Although it is not the main cause, it is still a major factor in the onset of anorexia.

Minuchin, Salvador. "AGRIS Repository Search Result." Search AGRIS - from 1975 to Date | AGRIS :: International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology. Web. 02 Nov. 2010. .
This source discussed the family influence on patients with anorexia nervosa and how they affect the onset of the disorder. This source will be helpful to me because many of the sources I have used have talked about the affects of family atmospheres and how developing anorexia is a type of rebellion against the family and also an attempt at controlling an aspect of their life.

Tozzi, Federica. "Causes and Recovery in Anorexia Nervosa: The Patient's Perspective - Tozzi - 2003 - International Journal of Eating Disorders." Wiley Online Library. 25 Feb. 2003. Web. 02 Nov. 2010. .
This source is about anorexic patients and their stories about their struggles with anorexia. They discuss what caused the onset and what made them seek out treatment and what helped them to recover. The source discusses the method and results from the specific treatment and then describes what they have found: that individuals with anorexia are affected by external and internal problems that cause the disorder. This source is helpful to my research because I am researching the causes of anorexia and this helps prove that there is not one individual factor in developing anorexia.

CFP for Class Conference

Alimentary Education: Call for Papers for the English 201 Symposium on Food and Research
English 201, Section 06
Final Two Weeks of Class


In his essay “Toward a Psychosociology of Contemporary Food Consumption,” Roland Barthes says that “we do not see our own food, or, worse, we assume that it is insignificant” (28). More than just “obvious” or necessary, something we must think about in purely material ways, Barthes contends that food is an apt subject of investigation for a range of disciplines because it “transmits a situation; it constitutes an information; it signifies” (29). Papers in this conference will realize Barthes’ assertion and show the various ways that food signifies across a range of disciplines. These papers will examine food in its multiplicity of meanings, whether as a form of agricultural commodity, the object of environmental concern, the subject of education and preparation, and many other fit topics. This conference will happen over four days. One panel will deliver its papers each day, and each panel will consist of four to five participants. Participants and their papers will be organized into panels by the conference director but will subsequently work together, amongst themselves, to plan the order and mode of delivery.


Please send proposals of approximately 300 to 600 words and a very brief bio to James Trout via email. Deadline for proposals is Monday, November 15th, 2010. Your proposal should include the context for your research, the subject of your study, and your argument. Using this proposal, it should be evident what texts you’re in conversation with, who will care about your study, and why your study is important in general.

Last Annotated Bibliographies

Works Cited

Taylor, Barr C. "Prevention of Eating Disorders in At-Risk College-Age Women." Arch Gen Psychiatry63 (2006): 881-88. Print

This article discusses the prevention of eating disorders on college campuses of at risk college women. This article focuses on a study taken in the San Francisco Bay area of California and studied 480 students over a three year period over the internet. This article was helpful to my research because it gave me perspective into the actions being taken to prevent eating disorders in college women.

Yager, Zali, and Jennifer A. O'Dea. "Prevention Program for Body Image and Eating Disorders on University Campuses." Health Promotion International 23.2 (2008): 173-87. Print.

In this article the authors argue that prevention programs have been around on college campuses since the mid 1980’s. They argue why their success rate is so low and what types of patients are actually partaking in the programs. This article is beneficial to my research because I needed articles on the prevention and treatment methods college campuses are partaking in and this article gives me good insight into this issue.

The Bibliographies Are Over!!! WOO!!!

Gellii, Meir and Fransisco Espejo. "Does Provision Of Food In School Increase Girls' Enrollment: Evidence From Schools Of Sub-Saharan Africa". Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 28.2 (2007): 149-155. Web. 25 October 2010.

In this article, the authors investigated whether food aid sent to Africa had an influence in recent rise in enrollment of girls in schools. The results that both of these authors found was that food aid did in fact play a role in increasing enrollment for girls in regards to education. The reason for this rise, according to the authors, was due in part to non-discriminatory practices that are practices within these schools. As a whole, when there is a scarcity of food, the girls are the ones who are likely to not have any food since most of it is given to the males. The schools , on the other hand, did not discriminate and both sexes were treated to an equal amount of food.

Lieberman, Sarah and Tim Gray. "GMOs And The Developing World: A Precautionary Interpretation Of Biotechnology". British Journal Of Politics And International Relations. 10.3 (2008): 398-411. Web. 26 October 2010.

In this article, the authors warn about the dangers of GM foods and that the unknown consequences that these foods might have could undue all the hard work that we are doing right now in Africa. The authors argue that the food that should be given to these African nations should meet the same standard as health organizations such as the FDA within the United States. Failure to do so could lead to drastic consequences in the future.

Oldewage-Theron, William. "Impact Of Food Aid On Variety And Dietary Diversity Of An Elderly Community In Sharpeville, South Africa" Journal Of Nutrition, Health and Aging. 13.4 (2009): 300-308. Web. 22 October 2010.

In this article, the author focuses on how food aid impacts the elderly within a community. In this study, Oldewage-Theron found that the health of the elderly were influence greatly by food aid than other groups except for children, who were influenced more by food aid. The reason for this included the essential nutrients that were found within these food, the decrease in deaths from starving related illnesses and an increase in the number of meals that the elderly ate.

Tagle, Michael. "Operational Conflicts Of Food Aid At The Recipient Level". Food Technology In Australia. 33.8 (1981): 368-371. Web. 30 October 2010.

In this article, Michael Tagle discovers that numerous nations during the 1970's did not regulate where the food aid was going once the goods entered the country. Tagle found out that the intended population did not receive the food and that numerous governments, in which aid was given, prevented the intended population from receiving it. One of the countries that learned of this, Australia, found that this practice was happening in African (Egypt, Liberia, Niger, Mali, Senegal) and in Asian countries (Indonesia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka). Since the Australian government found out about this, it demanded that all food entering foreign countries be regulated.

last annotated bibliographies

Hinrichs, Peter. "The Effects of the National School Lunch Program on Education and Health." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 29.3 (2010): 479-505. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company. Web. 1 Nov. 2010.
I found this article very useful to my research; I am now more focused on obesity caused by unhealthy food at school and this article provides a background of the National School Lunch Program. In addition, the effects of the program on people’s health are discussed based on an experiment. The results suggest that NSLP promote children to attend school but displace food consumption from other sources. Hinrichs uses tables, charts, and specific facts to provide his experimental paper with immense credibility.

Counihan, Carole M. "Female Identity, Food, and Power in Contemporary Florence." Anthropological Quarterly. 61 (1988): 51-62. Print.
In her article Counihan argues that the power women have obtained from providing meals to their family provides them with the ability of whether or not their children are healthy. If a child watches and learns that her mother is eating healthy, she will easily pick up on those habits. This article is relevant to my research as a challenge to my argument (that bad school lunches are to blame for overweight children). Counihan displays her credibility by begin published in the Journal Anthropological Quarterly.

Robinson-O'Brien, Ramona, Teri Burgess-Champoux, Jess HainesJ, Peter J. Hannan, and Dianne Neumark-Sztainer. "Associations Between School Meals Offered Through the National School Lunch Program and the School Breakfast Program and Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among Ethnically Diverse, Low-Income Children." Journal of School Health 80.10 (2010): 487-92. EBSCOhost. Web. 1 Nov. 2010.
The authors of this article provide a study that test fruit and vegetable consumption and the effects of school lunch and breakfast programs on students from grades one through twelve. The study showed that eighty percent of children do not consume the necessary amount of fruits and vegetables. This article is relevant to my research by providing insight to the choices children are making at school no matter what healthy options are present. The credibility of this article is present by providing specific data and using the scientific method to conduct the experiment.

Henderson, Kathryn E., Long, Michael W., Schwartz, Marlene B. “Evaluating the Impact of a Connecticut Program to Reduce Availability of Unhealthy Competitive Food in Schools.” Journal of School Health 80.10 (2010): 478-486. EBSCOhost. Web. 1 Nov. 2010.
The authors of this article evaluated the outcome of the Connecticut's Healthy Food Certification program. This program gives incentives to schools to adhere to nutrition policies for any food being sold inside and outside the cafeteria. The results showed that this program worked extremely well. This article is useful to my research by providing ideas to improve upon the poor nutrition within schools. This source is credible in that it uses clear and concise charts and tables for the data collected and provides exceptional explanations of the research and evaluations being conducted.

Final Four - Jasmin Johnson

In the article "Ethnic foodways in America: Symbol and the performance of identity" Susan Kalcik discusses the meanings behind ethnic foodways and how different ethnic foodways have been changed. Kalcik explains that changes to ethnic foodways begin as soon as immigrants arrive in America. She goes on to describe the different meanings and symbols behind ethnic foods.

Brown, Linda Keller., and Kay Mussell. "Ethnic Foodways in America: Symbol and the Performance of Identity." Ethnic and Regional Foodways in the United States: the Performance of Group Identity. Knoxville: University of Tennessee, 1984. 37-65. Print.

In the Article "the social and symbolic uses of ethnic/regional foodways: Cajuns and crawfish in South Louisiana" C. Paige Gutierrez discusses how Cajun culture is represented by the crawfish. Gutierrez explains how Cajuns dominate the industry of crawfish. Gutierrez goes on to discuss the different meanings and symbols attached to crawfish.

Brown, Linda Keller., and Kay Mussell. "The Social and Symbolic Uses of Ethnic/Regional Foodways: Cajuns and Crawfish in SOuth Louisiana." Ethnic and Regional Foodways in the United States: the Performance of Group Identity. Knoxville: University of Tennessee, 1984. 169-82. Print.

The book American Regional Cuisine looks at how cuisines and culinary techniques developed through out the country. The book looks at the different regions based off of when they were settled by colonists. the book groups states based off their backgrounds and cuisines.

Nenes, Michael F. American Regional Cuisine. Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons, 2007. Print.

The Food and Culture Around the World handbook breaks down the cuisines of cultures into small understandable categories. The book looks at the influence of climates and ethnic groups on the development of cuisines. The book factors in available ingredients and surrounding territories.

Brittin, Helen C. The Food and Culture Around the World Handbook. Boston: Prentice Hall, 2011. Print.

Jennifer C. Primary Anto.bib

Kettilby, Mary. A Collection of Above Three Hundred Receipts in Cookery, Physick and Surgery: For the Use of All Good Wives, Tender Mothers, and Careful Nurses. by Several Hands. London: printed for Mary Kettilby, and sold by Richard Wilkin, 1719. Print.

Jefferis, B G, J L. Nichols, and Nichols. The Household Guide or Domestic Cyclopedia: Home Remedies for Man and Beast. Naperville, Ill: J.L. Nichols, 1895. Print.

Lady, Maria E. K. Rundell, and Joseph Smith. The New London Cookery: Adapted to the Use of Private Families : Greatly Augmented and Improved. London: Joseph Smith, 193 High Holborn, 1835. Print.

Glasse, Hannah, Richard Mead, and John Hill. The Art of Cookery, Made Plain and Easy: Which Far Exceeds Any Thing of the Kind yet Published ... ; to Which Are Added, by Way of Appendix, One Hundred and Fifty New and Useful Receipts, and a Copious Index. London: Printed for A. Millar, R. Tonson, W. Strahan, T. Caslon, T. Durham, and W. Nicoll, 1767. Print.

Each of these books can serve as primary sources for my paper. In each book I looked at the composition of the book, what kinds of things were in each one and how they differed if it all. One great find The Household Guide or Domestic Cyclopedia: because it is one of the earliest cookbooks that has exact measurements in the recipes. Also The New London Cookery was a great comparison to the first book mentioned because even though it was printed with the same 70 years it does not have exact measurements in it. These all serve as excellent example for my paper and will be used as a jumping off point for theorizes I have.

Last 4

In Sweet Surrender, Nina Ayoub discusses artificial sweeteners. She says that they are in fact safe in small doses and have even improved the lives of diabetics. However, because they have zero calories people are consuming way to much, which is where the health dangers come in.

Ayoub, Nina C. "Sweet Surrender." Chronicle of Higher Education 57.3 (2010): B13.
Print.

In “Arfitifial Sweeteners: S Systematic review of metabolic effects in youth, Rebecca Brown argues that there is a correlation between artificial sweeteners and weight gain. Although there haven’t been much evidence to prove this, recent animal studies have shown a relationship. They have conducted 18 studies in which she claims shows that artificial sweeteners can possibly cause weight gain.

Brown, Rebecca J. "Artificial Sweeteners: A Systematic Review of Metabolic Effects
in Youth." International Journal of Pediatric Obesity 5.4 (2010): 305-12. Print.

Artificial Sweetener as a historical window to culturally situated health looks at how women in the 20th century view health and the role artificial sweetener plays in that. Carolyn de la Pena looks at two case studies and discusses them both. The studies suggest that gender, class, and geographic location are main factors in the differing views of artificial sweetener and health.

Del La Pena, Carolyn. "Artificial Sweeteners as a Historical Window to Culturally
Situated Health." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1190.1 (2010):
159-65. Print.

In the article “The PURSUIT of Sweet,” Jesse Hicks gives a detailed look at the history of saccharin. He says it was discovers by chemist Ira Remsen in 1878. He argues it is a great invention for diabetics as well as those searching to loose a few pounds.

Hicks, Jesse. "The PURSUIT of Sweet." Chemical Heritage 28.1 (2010): 26-31. Print.

Brittany Basiger: Last 4

Broxmeyer, Lawrence. "Thinking the Unthinkable: Alzheimer's, Creutzfeldt-Jakob and
Mad Cow Disease: the Age-Related Reemergence of Virulent, Foodborne, Bovine
Tuberculosis or Losing Your Mind for the Sake of a Shake or Burger." Medical
Hypotheses. 64.4 (2005): 699-705. Print.
This source discusses the links between mad cow and Alzheimer's as well as CJD. He discusses the common cattle contracted diseases and the consequences of these diseases.

Burton, Thomas M., and Martin Fackler. "Mad-Cow Testing on Trial." Wall Street Journal – Eastern Edition 02 Jan. 2004: B1+. Business Source Complete. EBSCO. Web. 1 Nov. 2010.
This article goes over why scientist cannot give a definite answer on whether or not mad cow causes CJD. He discusses what scientist have been able to determine and what's left to examine.

Hunter, Catherine and Benton Ives-Halperin. "U.S. Mad Cow Worries Fueling New Range War." CQ Weekly (2005): 2026-2027. CQ Weekly. Web. 1 Nov. 2010. .
This source discusses how the mad cow crisis has been good for the American cattle industry up until now.

"Uncertain Scientists." Economist 337.7944 (1995): 56. MasterFILE Premier. EBSCO. Web. 1 Nov. 2010.
This source goes over the connections between beef and CJD. It taks about the mad cow issue and how it has developed.

4 last sources! Haley Tellesbo

Havelaar, Arie H., Stanley Brul, Aarieke De Jong, Rob De Jonge, Marcel H. Zwietering, and Benno H. Ter Kuile. "Future Challenges to Microbial Food Safety." International Journal of Food Microbiology (2009). Print.

In this article the authors argue that food borne illness still poses a considerable burden despite the efforts of all parties involved in making our food safe. Microbes can enter the food chain at any step and are able to adapt to the environment in order to survive. They are extremely dangerous for this reason. Thus crucial steps must be taken by everyone involved in food production. The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) and good manufacturing principles must occur.

Wallace, Robert B., and Maria Oria. Enhancing Food Safety: the Role of the Food and Drug Administration. Washington, DC: National Academies, 2010. Print.

In this book the authors argue that the FDA lacks a comprehensive vision for food safety. In order to protect the nation's food they must change their approach. This book is the Institute of Medicine's report on examining the gaps in the FDA and the tools needed to improve food safety.
Tucker, Mark, Sherrie R. Whaley, and Jeff S. Sharp. "Consumer Perceptions of Food-related Risks." International Journal of Food Science and Technology 41.2 (2006): 135-46. Print.

In this article the authors argue that consumer analysis results may assist food safety specialists in developing more effective education and risk communication programs for target audiences. This is important because concerns over food safety is the fuel behind improving the food safety system.

Nestle, Marion. Food Politics: How the Food Industry Influences Nutrition and Health. Berkeley: University of California, 2002. Print.

In this book, Nestle argues that food companies use every means at their disposal to sell their products. They lobby congress for favorable laws and government agencies for favorable regulations. They work the system in every way so that they can create and protect their selling environment. This book would be a great addition to my work since it has more examples of the food industry and their efforts to maximize profits at the expense of our health.

Sara Houser - Last Annotative Bibliography

DeSimone, Jeff. Fraternity Membership and Drinking Behavior . 1st ed. Cambridge : National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007. Print.
This book discusses the impact that alcohol has when you are in a fraternity or a sorority. Furthermore, the issues about how the students started drinking by how they were raised and how the students were influenced by their peers. Finally this book talks about how alcohol is impacting fraternities and the consequences of drinking. This could be a great article to argue about fraternity and sorority drinking amongst college campuses.

Wechsler, Henry, and Bernice Wuethrich. Dying to Drink: Confronting Binge Drinking on College Campuses. Rodale: St. Martin's Press, 2002. Print.
Wechsler and Wuethrich discuss the causalties that alcohol is causing because students are binge drinking. Other issues discussed within this book is underage drinking, advertising of alcohol, and the relationship between alcohol and sexual assault. This article does not focus enough of the Greek System at schools so it would not be very benefical to use this article.

Park, A., KJ. Sher, and JL. Krull. "Risky drinking in college changes as fraternity/sorority affiliation changes: a person-environment perspective.." Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors. (2008): Print.
This article argues the perspectives of alcohol and its relationship to how it affiliates within the Greek System. It discusses four different classes associated with being in the Greek System which are constant greek members, constant non members, late joiners, and droppers. Furthermore, it goes into the reasons for why these people are labeled what they are. This article would be a great source for my paper depending on my arguments.

LasGlindemannt, KE, IJ LEhrhartast, EA Drake, and ES Geller. "Reducing excessive alcohol consumption at university fraternity parties: A cost-effective incentive/reward intervention." Addictive Behaviors. (2007): 39-48. Print.
This journal article is about an experiment that was done on six random fraternities selected. They were to host two parties each and the experiment tested alcohol consumption. This article will be a great source for my paper to show an experiment that was done in a fraternity on a college campus.

Final Bib sources of my choice :))

Mielke, Robert. Personal Interview. 30 October 2010.

This interview was extremely helpful because my source is a local farmer on a four generation wheat and barley farm. Robert believes that sustainability is extremely important but recognizes the importance of profitability. I will be able to use this interview because I can use research gather personally to strengthen my argument. Also, it is beneficial because I was able to ask specified questions revolving around my paper.


Horne, James E, and Maura McDermott. The Next Green Revolution:
Essential Steps to a Healthy, Sustainable Agriculture. New York: Food Products Press, 2001. Print.

This book was designed to inform readers of current agricultural issues around conventional farming. Horne argues that a sustainable agricultural system is dire but the income and profit of farmers must not be sacrificed. This book is beneficial because it parallels my argument and brings up important supporting claims along with challenges.


Jackson, Wes, Wendell Berry, and Bruce Colman. Meeting the Expectations of
the Land: Essays in Sustainable Agriculture and Stewardship. San Francisco: North Point Press, 1984. Print.

This book is slightly different because it makes a point to approach sustainable agriculture from a broad scope. The authors have a multifaceted view and believe a sustainable farming system is possible but all areas affected by agriculture must be satisfied first. This is a very beneficial source because it looks at sustainable agriculture from various angles such as socialists, environmentalists, and industrialists.


Edwards, C A. Sustainable Agricultural Systems. Ankeny, Iowa: Soil and Water
Conservation Society, 1990. Print.

Edwards argues that a sustainable agricultural system is inevitable. A method must evolve that will allow environmental health to flourish while supporting the farmers tending the lands. He dissects current and ideological farming methods to invent a successful agricultural system. This source will assist my argument because the dissection of each farming method emerges accompanied by strengths and weaknesses that form challenges and claims.

Last Annotated Bib Extract! -Brooke Davis

Kelley, Ben, and Jason A. Smith. "Legal Approaches to the Obesity Epidemic: An Introduction." 25. (2004): 346-351. Web. 28 Oct 2010.
This source argues that childhood obesity is mainly due to the food provided in schools. Since children and adolescents spend around 6 hours per day, 5 days a week in school, they get a lot of their food from it. Even though there have been advances in higher nutrition, there are still vending machines and school stores that contribute. This is useful to me because it is a counter argument I can use when saying how women are responsible for obesity.

Gable, Sara, and Lutz Susan. "Household, Parent, and Child Contributions to Childhood Obesity." National Council on Family Relations 49.3 (2000): 293-300. Web. 28 Oct 2010.
This article argues that children are at risk for obesity because of their family processes that can put their children at risk. Parents should be educated more on healthy eating so that they can create healthy habits for their kids, and educate them as well. Also, children should not watch as much television. This is useful to my research because it supports my idea that women/households play a role in obesity.

Kitzmann, Katherine M., William T. Dalton III, and Joanna Buscemi. "Beyond Parenting Practices: Family Context and the Treatment of Pediatric Obesity." National Council on Family Relations 57.1 (2008): 13-23. Web. 28 Oct 2010.
This article argues that even though healthier eating habits are used after parents are educated on child obesity, they are not long term changes. The three things that the article focuses on which are reasons why obesity continues, is due to parenting style, family stress, and the family emotional climate. This article is useful to me because it talks about how family and parenting contribute to obesity even after they're educated about it.

Daniels, Stephen R. "The Consequences of Childhood Overweight and Obesity." Princeton University 16.1 (2006): 47-67. Web. 28 Oct 2010.
This article talks about all the consequences of childhood obesity. There are negative health issues that result from obesity, that should be seen in older adults and not children. The future generations life expectancy is lower than average, and change needs to happen. This article is useful to my research because it shows how bad childhood obesity is and why things need to be done in order to stop it and change these habits.

Encyclopedia Posts - Tamara Bennett

Rodriguez, Carlos & Wiegand, Kerstin. “Evaluating the Trade-Off Between Machinery Efficiency and Loss of Biodiversity-Friendly Habitats.” Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. No.4 (2009): p. 361-366. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

This was a really helpful article because it went into detail about how increasing agriculture intensification has led to dramatic losses in farmland biodiversity. Because of current public demands it is important to look at the trade-off between agriculture production and biodiversity conservation that are related to agricultural practices. The authors discusses what they feel is one of the most important structural changes, field enlargement, and its role in machinery efficiency and erosion. These are important aspects of the whole of agriculture production and they give us a unique comparison of a vital unit, farmland biodiversity.

“A geographic approach to place and natural resource use in local food systems.” Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems. V. 25 (2010): p. 99-108. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

This journal article shows the importance of the ecological aspects of farming and food, one of those being whether our food is grown locally or not. The article also describes methods for assessing natural resource use in local food, including food miles, consumer transportation, scale and community, agricultural methods and diet. Lastly, the future concerning environmental impact of local food and how the geography of food works to assess where the food production occurs is addressed. This article shows what impact whether or not the consumer desires local produced foods has on the food production system, and would be a helpful resource be cause my topic in on consumers impact.

“Dry Food Transport.” Encyclopedia of Agricultural, Food, and Biological Engineering. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

This source discussed in detail the different types of machinery and devices that have been developed and are used to transport our food. They showed how for transporting powder or ground products companies may use screw conveyors, for dry foods a chain, belt, rollers, or may use a pneumatic device, and for liquids pumps are used. It talked about how the development of transporting food dates back to the 1930’s, and since then we have improved greatly on our methods of transportation, which has led to a more efficient food system. This was a great source because it gave me an inside look at the transportation part of the production system and thus gave me a better understanding of it all.

"Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)." Encyclopedia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 25 Oct 2010.

The Food and Agriculture Organization is the oldest permanent specialized agency that works to eliminate hunger and improve nutrition and standards of living by increasing agriculture productivity. The FAO has concentrated on things like in the 1960’s when they promoted the increase of agriculture exports, in 1974 they promoted programs that help small farmers implement low-cost projects to enhance productivity, and in the 1990’s the FAO made sustainable agriculture programs. Reading this reminded me of the different organizations that play a role in agriculture production; whether they regulate or in this case promote agricultural practices they are extremely important because of their amount of control.

Cheyenne Walker-last 4 extract! WOO HOO!

Nestle, Marion. Food Politics: How the Food Industry Influences Nutrition and Health. Berkeley: University of California, 2007. Print.

In this book, Nestle argues that big industries are powerful, intrusive, influential, and invasive. Because of this we must be constantly alert to prevent them from influencing not only our own personal nutritional choices, but those of our government agencies as well. Main topics focused on in this book are undermining dietary advice, working the political systems, exploiting kids and the corruption of schools, deregulating dietary supplements, and the invention of techno-foods. This book will be very useful because it brings new information about the food systems of America to my attention.

Cardello, Hank, and Doug Garr. Stuffed: an Insider's Look at Who's (really) Making America Fat. New York: Ecco, 2009. Print.

In this book, Cardello uses his battle with leukemia and his realization of how his health crisis is related to his nutritional choices from working with popular American food corporations. This book is an outgrowth of his professional experiences and personal commitment to ensure that all of America remains healthier longer. The information that this book provides will be helpful because it gives a personal insight to the workings of corporate food companies.

Wansink, Brian. Mindless Eating: Why We Eat More than We Think. New York: Bantam, 2007. Print.

In this book, Wansink exposes the hidden psychology of eating. He shows how many cues such as: container size, placement, and numbers on labels, are all that it takes to get a typical American to eat more than they need or should. He then provides the smarts to reach for less. This book will be useful to my research because it provides another reason for America’s obesity problem.


Irwin, Tanya. "McDonald's Takes Olympics Sponsorship Worldwide." MediaPost NEWS. Media Post Communications, 11 Jan. 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2010. .

In this article Irwin shows how McDonalds gets involved in the 2010 Olympic games. Customers saw winter athletes on McDonald's packaging at 15,000 restaurants across the U.S. Beginning Feb. 1, cups and bags featured Celski, Halsted, Deneen, Graham Watanabe (men's snowboard), Jennifer Rodriguez (women's speedskating), Dustin Byfuglien (men's hockey), Kelly Clark (women's snowboard) and Angela Ruggiero (women's ice hockey). In Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Norway aired TV spots focused on a Chicken McNugget promotion under a "Share the Gold" theme. In Russia, the Big Mac sandwich was featured in print and TV ads. The new commercial celebrated athletes coming together at a McDonald's restaurant following Olympic Games events. At all 1,400 restaurants across Canada, including the 30-plus McDonald's restaurants in the Vancouver and Whistler areas, customers could try limited-time menu offerings such as the S'mores Pie and the Creme Brulee Crunch McFlurry. Happy Meals featured interactive toys of the 2010 Winter Games mascots. This aricle will be helpful to prove how fast food restaurants, such as McDonalds, associated itself with events that are related to top physical fitness and wellbeing while promoting foods that are unhealthy.

Brittany Balsiger: 4

A Grist. Bovine Meat Inspection: Anatomy, Physiology and Disease Conditions. Nottingham:
Nottingham University Press, 2005. Print

This source provides information on the anatomy, the diseases, the parasites, the neoplasia, and conditions discovered after death; of cattle.

Waddington, Keir. The Bovine Scourge: Meat, Tuberculosis and Public Health, 1850-1914.
Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2006. Print

This source focuses on the history (between 1850 and 1914) of cattle and the diseases they bring and what was done to test the meat.

Nova. Inspection and Potection of U.S. Meat and Poultry. New York: Nova Science Publishers,
2010. Print.

This source mostly centers around agriculture and the issues and policies within that field.

Food and Agriculture Organizaton of the United Nations. By Wilesmith, John. Manual on Bovine
Spongiform Encephalopathy. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organizaton of the United
Nations, 1998. Print

This source is all about bovine spongiform encephalopathy and what it is along with how cattle get it, where its’ been found, signs, diagnosis, and the like.

Hayley Pearce-4 annotations

Works Cited
Emery, Robert E. "Anorexia Nervosa (pathology) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia." Encylopedia Brittanica. Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2010. .
In this encyclopedia source, Robert Emery describes the difference between anorexia and bulimia but focuses on anorexia throughout the rest of the article. He explains what happens after a patient is diagnosed with anorexia and what are the most common ways to cure the disorder and which are shown to be the most effective methods. I probably will only use this source for information and not really for my research background because I am going to mainly focus on the causes of anorexia.

"Anorexia (pathology) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia." Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2010. .
This encyclopedic source briefly defines anorexia nervosa and describes the consequences of the disorder. Common symptoms are provided and the article states that anorexia may be brought on from pain or shock. Although the information in this source is extremely vague, it coincides with my previous research that there is a “triggering” effect that somehow causes the onset of anorexia nervosa.

Waller, Glenn. "View Record." CSA. Web. 26 Oct. 2010. .
The abstract for this source describes it as the recorded data about sexual or child abuse in bulimic and anorexic patients. It concludes that bulimic patients were more likely to have experienced some sort of abuse in their past than anorectics were. I found this source through the “Psychology” tab on the library website. This information will be helpful with my research because it shows that for most anorexic patients, abuse is not the “triggering” factor for their disorder.

"Decoding the causes of eating disorders." Flair-Flow Reports FFE 578/03/HP65 (2003): 1. FSTA - Food Science and Technology Abstracts. EBSCO. Web. 26 Oct. 2010.
This source talks about the most common causes of eating disorder that have been researched for the past 7 years. It talks about how obesity, anorexia nervosa, bulimia and binge-eating are all eating disorders. I found this source under the “Food Sciences” tab of the library’s website. This source won’t be as helpful to me as I had originally hoped because as I look more closely at it, it discusses obesity as an eating disorder more than it talks about anorexia nervosa.

Amy Foss- annotated bibliography 3

Works Cited
"Bulimia Nervosa." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 26 Oct. 2010 .

In this encyclopedia I searched for bulimia nervosa. When my search results came up both bulimia nervosa and anorexia were explained. This encyclopedia described bulimia as an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed y inappropriate attempts to compensate for the binge. These are things such as fasting, excessive use of laxatives and enemas, self-induced vomiting, or excessive exercise. This is very helpful to me because before I thought that bulimia nervosa was strictly binge eating followed by purging, because that is how it was explained to me in school and everywhere else. I think that this point could be useful in my argument.

“Eating Disorders”Http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eatingdisorders.html.Medline Plus. NIH(National Institute of Mental Health), 06 Oct. 2010. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. .

This encyclopedia gives me a definition of both anorexia and bulimia and also discusses how eating disorders are more prevalent in women rather than men. This site also has links to further explore the conditions such as treatments, coping, and prevention/ screening. This site will be beneficial to me because it gives me a complete overview of the disorders, so I will be able to better understand the bigger picture of the disorders.

Hesse-Biber, Sharlene, Margret Marino, and Diane Watts-Roy. "A Longitudinal Study of Eating Disorders Among College Women."Gender and Society 13.3 (1999): 385-408.

This article was on a study done to find out if women who developed and eating disorder are able to recover in their post-college years. The study also focused on the prevalence of eating disorders in college (4 to 9 percent). This article will help me in my research because it allows me to further understand the disorders and how they continue after college.

Rayworth, Beth B., Lauren A. Wise, and Bernard L. Harlow. "Childhood Abuse and Risk of Eating Disorders in Women.”Epidemiology 15.3 (2004): 271-78. Print.

This article argues the link between child violence victimization and eating disorders. It also argues that eating disorders are often chronic and develop from psychopathology and medical complications. This article focuses on the link between violence and abuse against women and how that links to them developing an eating disorder. This article is beneficial to my research because it discusses the women population as whole rather than just college women so I am able to thoroughly understand the causes.

Mariah's Encyclopedic sources

Discipline: Agriculture, Agricola, EBSCO HOST Keywords: sustainable agriculture and government funding

Rodriguez, Joysee M., et al. "Barriers to adoption of sustainable agriculture practices: Change agent perspectives [electronic resource]." Renewable agriculture and food systems 24.1 (2009): 60-71. Agricola. EBSCO. Web. 26 Oct. 2010.

This article uses data from a study to understand the factors hastening a change to sustainable agriculture. Rodriguez argues that the government is majorly to blame for the resistance. This article will be extremely helpful to my argument because it provides information why conventional farming is so efficient and is outlasting movements to change to sustainable agriculture.

Discipline: Agriculture, Agricola, EBSCO HOST, keywords: sustainable agriculture and government funding

Jones, M.J. "Anticipatory long-term research for sustainable productivity." Experimental agriculture 36.2 (2000): 137-150. Agricola. EBSCO. Web. 26 Oct. 2010.

This article examines dry and fragile farm land that is farmed using current conventional farming methods. The focus is on how to preserve the land although conventional farming provides immediate income returns that suppress actions towards sustainable agriculture. This article will be helpful in my argument because it provides a challenge to sustainable agriculture.

Discipline: Food Science and Technology abstracts, EBSCO, Keywords: Sustainable agriculture and wheat

Wallinga, D. "Today's food system: how healthy is it?." Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 4.3--4 (2009): 251-281. FSTA - Food Science and Technology Abstracts. EBSCO. Web. 26 Oct. 2010.

This article considers the impact “cheap crops” have had on the food system and consumers. Wallinga stresses the impact industrialization of crops and animals have had on the food system. I can use this article in my paper to argue that conventional farming needs alteration from its current state.

Discipline: Food Science and Technology abstracts, EBSCO, Keywords: Sustainable agriculture and United States

Timmon, D., and Wang Qingbin. "Direct food sales in the United States: evidence from state and county-level data." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 34.2 (2010): 229-24. FSTA - Food Science and Technology Abstracts. EBSCO. Web. 26 Oct. 2010.

This article argues that food sales relate directly to farm size, population density, available farmland, and region. The study was conducted to understand why sustainable agriculture is promoted but hardly placed into action. I can use this article to examine factors regarding specific regions and the resistance/promotion of sustainable agriculture.

Annotated Bibliography - 2 Encyclopedias and 2 search engines

Appiah, Anthony A. and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. "Hunger and Famine: Conditions Of Severe And Potentially Life-Threatening Food Deprivation". Encyclopedia of Africa. 9th edition. 2010.

In this portion of the encyclopedia, the authors state that one of the undermining problems within Africa is the malnourishment of children. Africa has been impacted by famine and the population that has felt it the most are the children. Likewise, the numerous wars that have been integrated within Africa has also had a devastating effect on the children. One of the most common illness that these children are suffering from is kwashiorkor, a lack of protein within the system.

Boukari, Isbatou, Nathan W. Shier, Xinia E. Fernandez, Jacquelyn Frisch, Bruce A. Watkins, Lisa Pawloski, and Alyce D. Fly. "Calcium Analysis Of Selected Western African Food". Journal Of Food Composition And Analysis. 14 (2001): 37-42.

This article was article found by using the Food Science section called Food Science and Technology Abstracts. I found this article by typing in the word food aid AND Africa AND nutrition.

In this article, Isbatou Boukari and his colleagues found that numerous people within the Western part of various African countries are not getting enough calcium. In fact, the daily intake of calcium within the part of Africa is about 300-500 mg a day, which is small in comparison to the the Europeans and the Americans. Boukari and his colleagues found this to be disturbing because this is one of the industrious regions within Africa and the fact that food high in calcium, such as milk, are relatively unavailable is a cause for concern. If the industrious region of Africa cannot provide the necessary nutrients for its denizen, how can developing countries deliver food to their citizens.

Middleton, John and John C. Miller. "Food Supplies And Nutrition". New Encyclopedia Of Africa. 2nd edition. 2008.

In this section of the encyclopedia, the authors state that the majority of governments within Africa have failed in their duty to provide food for their people. The authors state that military dictatorship and recent famines have caused this recent upscale in famine. The authors also state that the heaviest burden is on the children who are susceptible to protein-energy malnutrition, also known as kwashiorkor. An estimated 200 million people within Africa are malnourished and this will have severe consequences for current and future generations regarding cognitive and physical challenges.

Suresh, Babu. "Global Economic Crisis And Nutrition Security Within Africa". African Journal Of Food Agriculture, Nutrition and Development. 9 (2009) 1797-1806.

This article was article found by using the Food Science section called Food Science and Technology Abstracts. I found this article by typing in the word food aid AND Africa AND nutrition.

Before the current economic crisis, some countries within Africa were showing signs of economic progress and many scholars were hopeful that Africa would begin to have more countries involved in the current globalization process. However, in 2007, the world was in financial collapse and the world was hit hard. However, the hardest hit was the African countries would depended on relief from the world's superpowers. As the crisis went on, events took a turn for the worst as food was rationed inadequately and the high price of common food led to riots in the street. Suresh also states that has heavily impacted the children within these African which, according to Suresh, was showing signs that child nutrition was improving. Suresh believes that if a sound plan is not implemented soon, conditions within Africa could take a turn for the worse.

Sara Houser - 3rd Annotative Bibliography

Carson-DeWitt, Rosalyn. Encyclopedia of drugs, alcohol & addictive behavior. 2nd ed. 4 vols. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2001. Print.
The "Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior" is about the effect that drugs, alcohol has on people and how it affects their behavior in a negative way. The encyclopedia also discusses many issues which include legal, social, family life, physical and mental issues. This encyclopedia could be a great source for me to use about drugs and alcohol but focus more on the issues of alcohol that causes behavior to change amongst people.
Discipline searched: Encyclopedia of Alcohol

McBee Knox, Jean. Drinking, Driving, Drugs. New York: Chelsea House, 1988. Print.
"Drinking, Driving, Drugs" is a book about how drug use and alcohol abuse impact our culture, the work field, and individuals directly. This book would not be a relavent source to use within my papers because it would be too old of data about the topic of alcohol abuse.
Discipline searched: Alcohol Encyclopedia

Acker, Caroline Jean, and Sarah W. Tracy. Altering American consciousness : the history of alcohol and drug use in the United States, 1800-2000. Amherst, Mass: University of Massachusetts Press, 2004. Print.
"Altering American Consciousness: The History of Alcohol and Drug Use in the United States" is about the changing nature of drugs and alcohol from the years of 1800 to 2000. The authors discuss how drugs and alcohol had changed throughout the years and all of the controversies that went along with it. This book could be a useful source for my research on the effects of alcohol on college students, because I might be able to find how alcohol evolved from the 19th century until now.
Discipline Searched: History of Alcohol

Fisher, Gary L. , and Nancy A. Roget. Encyclopedia of substance abuse prevention, treatment, & recovery. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2009. Print.
The "Encyclopedia of Substance Abuse Prevention, Treatment, and Recovery" is about how people abuse alochol or other illegal substances and the process of going through treatment to recover. The authors discuss programs that one can go through in order to become fully recovered from any alcohol or other substance abuse. I think that this encyclopedia could be useful to use in my research paper if I was going to do a paragraph about how a college student can recover from alcohol use.
Discipline Searched: Alcohol Encyclopedia

Haley Tellesbo

Ronzio, Robert A. The Encyclopedia of Nutrition and Good Health. New York, NY: Facts On File, 2003. Print.

This encyclopedia is on reference in the Owen Library and would be a great addition to my research. It includes a section related to diseases and nutrition. One part of my paper focuses on the salmonella outbreak and with this book I could give the facts concerning salmonella. Also included are the benefits and dangers of certain foods along with government outlines. I want to include in my research what the government does to protect us from dangerous foods.


Flickinger, Michael C. Encyclopedia of Biotechnology: Bioprocess, Bioseparation & Cell Technology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2010. Print.

This encyclopedia focuses on industrial biological processes as well as techniques and equipment used in this field. However, most important to my research is the ethical and regulatory issues that rise with the products of biotechnology. I would use this as a reference to see what kind of regulatory issues are used today to keep food safe and if in fact businesses comply to these guidelines.

Kaptan, G., and B. Fischhoff. "Sticky Decisions: Peanut Butter in a Time of Salmonella." Emerging Infectious Diseases 16.5 (2010). EBSCOHost Food Science and Technology Abstracts. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

I first narrowed my search to food and science and then chose the data base EBSCOHost Food Science and Technology abstracts. The key words I chose were peanut butter and salmonella and then I chose the second article on the list. This article argues that consumers might have made different decisions had they known the test results of some of the potentially contaminated peanut butter. This would be a good addition to my research since communication is key when preventing food borne illness.


Kuehn, Bridget M. "Salmonella Cases Traced to Egg Producers, Findings Trigger Recall of More Than 500 Million Eggs." The Journal of the American Medical Association 304.12 (2010). PubMed. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

I found this article by searching under Health Science. Then I chose the PubMed database and used the keywords egg recall and salmonella. This article was first on the list. I really like this article because it gives the specifics on how the contamination was found and what the government did about it. Also introduced to me was the "egg safety rule" which came into effect after the egg recall. This rule requires egg producers to abide by precautions to ensure that another large-scale contamination does not occur.

Encylopedias - Jasmin Johnson

In the article "Columbian Exchange" Janet Long-Solis discusses the exchange of "plants and food products" between America and Europe (436). She explains how at first Europeans were not open to the planets from the new world. Long-Solis goes on to explain which crops were exchanged and their effect.

Long-Solis."Columbian Exchange." Encyclopedia of Food and Culture. Solomon H. Katz. Vol 1. New York: Thomson-Gale, 2003. Print.

In the article "Fusion Cuisine" Julie Locher explains what is defined as fusion cuisine. Locher describes it as the "combination of elements from two or more spatially or temporally distinct cuisines" (90). She goes on to explain that it is predominately seen in the United States and Australia.

Locher, Julie L. "Fusion Cuisine." Encyclopedia of Food and Culture. Solomon H. Katz. Vol 2. New York: Thomson-Gale, 2003. Print.

This book was found using the search terms "American Regional Cuisine." The introduction to The Taste of American Place: A Reader on Regional and Ethnic Foods discusses how the American diet is "richly varied and constantly in flux" (Shortridge and Shortridge 1). They explain that the readings for the book wee picked to show the "diversity of eating habits across the United States" (Shortridge and Shortridge 1).

Shortridge, Barbara G., and Shortridge, James R. The Taste of American Place: A Reader on Regional and Ethnic Foods. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield publishers, 1998. Print.

This book was found using the search terms "Cuisines of the deep south." Shelia Ferguson starts off by explaining what falls into the category of soul food. She explains how soul food is cooked by relying on the senses and not skills. She goes on to discuss how soul food was created.

Ferguson, Shelia. Soul Food: Classic Cuisine from the Deep South. New York: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1989. Print.

Annotations 3/4

Zieve, David, and Kaneshiro, Neil K. "Weight Problems in Children: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia." Medline Plus: A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. 1 Oct. 2009. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. .
Authors Zieve and Kaneshiro discuss the rise in obesity as well as define some causes and provide suggestions of what to watch out for and how to help prevent overweight children. They encourage talking to a doctor, being supportive, not using food as a punishment or a reward, teaching healthy eating habits, etc. This article is very useful for my current research because it not only gives a brief history, causes, and prevention steps to childhood obesity, it also has a clear medical focus on the aspects of childhood obesity which is needed for formulating a good argument. The Authors are both Medical Directors which gives this article great credibility.

"Caloric Intake." ENotes: Encyclopedia of Food & Culture. 2010. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. .
“Caloric Intake” provides information on what a calorie is, specific calories in a variety of foods, as well as the number of calories every male and female should get at specific ages. Also provided is material on weight control and energy balance based on the intake of calories. The relevance of this article to my current research will be very helpful in providing some insight about what children’s bodies actually need verses how much and what their consuming that is causing them to gain weight.

Bennett, David S. “Early Child Neglect: Does It Predict Obesity or Underweight in Later Childhood?” Child Maltreat 2010 15: 250 .
This article was found by searching “childhood obesity” under the category of “Social Sciences.” Bennett argues that neglect does significantly lower the BMIs of children but only at the ages of eight and nine; He gains his insight from studying the results of his experiment relating BMIs and neglected children. The experiment uses 185 children at different ages. This article is relevant to my research on childhood obesity but is more specific in a sociology aspect by studying the specific cause of childhood neglect.

Batterink, Laura, Yokum, Sonja, and Stice, Eric. “Body mass correlates inversely with inhibitory control in response to food among adolescent girls: An fMRI study.” NeuroImage. Vol 52(4), Oct 1, 2010. 1696-1703.
This article was found by searching “childhood obesity” under the specific genre of “Health Sciences” for journal articles. The authors argue that impulsivity may contribute to the development and maintenance of obesity. Neuroimaging studies connect a widespread neural network in inhibitory control and suggest that impulsive individuals show hypoactivity in these regions during tasks requiring response inhibition; yet, research has not directly tested whether this correlates to BMI. This article is relevant to my research on childhood obesity and provides a medical reason that may be linked to overweight girls. The credibility of this article

Jennifer C. Ant.bib

Tobias, Steven M. “Early American Cookbooks as Cultural Artifacts.” Papers on Language &Literature 34.1(1998):3.MasterFILE Premier. EBSCO. Web. 21 Oct. 2010. This article was found by searching in the E-Journals Sociological data base in Sociological Abstracts. The search parameters that were used where (cookbook* OR cookery book* AND history). The article gives both a historical and sociological look at cookbooks in America. Cookbooks were predominantly written for woman because their life became part of the maintaining the private life, the homemaking. The first cookery book to be printed in America was acutely a variation of a book previously published in England by Mrs. Smith. The book was changed slightly for the American audience by eliminating receipts cooks could not get ingredients for, and make it smaller therefore more affordable to Americans. The source is okay it does give some interesting thought to social network and how cookbooks and evolved, though it is limited in that is it an example of American life and values. Also I a lot of the general information I already knew.

Dennis, Abigail. "From Apicius to Gastroporn: Form, Function, and Ideology in the History of Cookery Books." Studies in Popular Culture 31.1 (2008): 1-17. Web. 24 Oct. 2010. http://www.pcasacas.org/SiPC/. This article was found by searching in the E-Journals Literature data base in MLA International Bibliography. The search parameters that were used where (cookbook* OR cookery book*).This article gives an overview of cookbooks and how they have transformed over the ages. This is nearly exact to my original thesis, which is creepy, but it pays more attention to the cookbooks in the last 100 years that I have yet to research. This is extremely useful in that it supports my ideas I have all right formulated about the topic

"Cookery." Microsoft® Encarta® 2006 [CD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2005. The article mentions that cookery books have been dated to the time of the first Confucian time. The earliest in the west was during the Roman empire in the 1st century AD, though the author and book are unknown the oldest English surviving book in The Forme of Cury written in the late 14th century. This is good information as a background; I am starting my research observations and comparisons about the time form the 13th century to avoid gapes time and look and cookbooks as they are more consistent in society.

"Industrial Revolution" World Encyclopedia. Philip's, 2008. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. Washington State University. 24 October 2010

http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t142.e5741. This article gives a brief overview of the Industrial Revolution, it began in Britain in the 18th century and moved to other country such as France, Germany and America in the 1870’s. It was a time when nations changed socially and economically from agriculture sociality to industrial. This changed brought about the social statue of the working class. This is very useful background because I was unsure exactly when the Industrial revolution was. Also knowing this was the time when the working class appeared is very interesting relating it to my topic.

Cheyenne Walker-10/28 extract

EBSCHost. Discipline: Academic. Searched: Olympic Sponsors

Gardyn, Re. "Going for Gold." American Demographics. 22.7 (2000): Print.

In this article Gardyn argues how the Olympics are run by media and big company sponsorships. This article gives great background information on the broadcasting and company sponsorships at the 2000 Olympics. Long-time super sponsors such as Coca-Cola, McDonald’s, and Eastman Kodak had gobbled about 80 percent of NBC’s commercial Olympic inventory up. Local cable operators also reported that spots on MSNBC and CNBC, which will broadcast long-format coverage, were at or near sellout in several markets (Gardyn). The Olympics is hands down the most popular sporting event among every demographic. The 1996 Atlanta Centennial Olympic Games were the most-watched TV sports event in history, broadcast in 214 countries and territories with a cumulative audience of 19.6 billion. In the U.S., those Games reached 87 percent of television households and about 193.5 million unduplicated viewers. Eighty-one percent of women, 78 percent of men, 72 percent of teens (12 to 17) and 78 percent of children watched some portion of the Olympics. The average viewer saw about 31 percent of NBC's 171.5 hours of coverage (Gardyn). This article will be useful because it shows why big companies, such as McDonalds, want to advertise at an athletic event even though they sell unhealthy food.

EBSCHost. Discipline: Business Section. Searched: Fast food healthy Options

Wilson, Sara. "STARTUPS-FRESH PICKS-Which food franchises will be flying off the shelves in the near future? Ones that offer fast, healthy and fresh options." Entrepreneur. (2006): Print.

In this article Wilson argues the simple fact that fresh food is something all consumers desire. The [fresh-food] trend is nowhere near the cusp of where it's going states Wilson. The trend is going to continue to grow at double-digit percentages over the next several years. People can find it in all segments of the restaurant industry: fast food, casual dining and fine dining. This article will be useful to me because it gives me a potential claim to argument against in my 2nd paper.


"Fast foods” Food and Fitness: An Encyclopedia of Diet and Exercise. Michael Kent. Oxford University Press, 1997. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. Washington State University. 24 October 2010

This encyclopedia article argues that although it is possible to eat nutritious fast foods, menus tend to be stacked with items high on most dietitians' ‘Avoid!’ lists. On average, one-fifth of the population of the USA (45 million people) eat in a fast-food restaurant each day (Kent). Fast foods include salty french fries, beef burgers, fried chicken, and pizzas with a thick cheese covering. These appeal to the Western palate by being fatty, low in fiber and nutrients, but high in salt. One beef burger can contain more than 1000 milligrams of sodium (Kent). To make matters worse, they are often served with sugar-laden soft drinks or creamy milkshakes full of empty calories and fat. This article will be useful because it shows how most people don’t choose the healthy option offered at fast food restaurants.


Donna , Re. (2009). Fast foods are always an unhealthy choice and you should not eat them when dieting. Medline plus. Retrieved October 24, 2010, from http://win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/myths.htm

This encyclopedia article argues the myth that fast foods are always an unhealthy choice and you should not eat them when dieting. Fast foods can be part of a healthy weight-loss program with a little bit of know-how. Some tips they suggest is to avoid supersized combo meals, or split one with a friend. Also to sip on water or fat-free milk instead of soda. Choose salads and grilled foods, like a grilled chicken breast sandwich or small hamburger. Try a “fresco” taco (with salsa instead of cheese or sauce) at taco stands. Fried foods, like french fries and fried chicken, are high in fat and calories, so order them only once in a while, order a small portion, or split an order with a friend. Also, use only small amounts of high-fat, high-calorie toppings, like regular mayonnaise, salad dressings, bacon, and cheese (Donna). This article will be useful because it shows how to still eat the fast food you love but in a healthier way.

Annotated Bibliography

The Columbia Encyclopedia talks about artificial sweeteners. They go over the facts and figures of three different sweeteners, saccharin, cyclamates, and aspartame. Claiming that they are all many many times sweeter then regular sugar.

"artificial sweetener." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008.
Encyclopedia.com. 21 Oct. 2010 .

This article talked about other, not so common ways to use sweeteners. In products such as wine, baking, and food browning and carmelization. Because of these unusual uses, artificial sweeteners are becoming even more popular, manufactures are finding a way to use them besides the normal soda and coffee sweetener.

"sweetener." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 21
Oct. 2010
.

In “One Lump or Two?” it is argued that artificial sweetener; Splenda in particular, can cause cancer. A U.S. study by a group of scientists found sucralose doesn’t give the beneficial gut bacteria in rats. I found this article under the discipline of Environmental Sciences.

McNeil. "One Lump or Two?" EBSCO Host. Nov. 2008. Web. 19 Oct. 2010.
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831867599239%40sessionmgr4&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%
3d#db=8gh&AN=35287777>.

In “The Intensity of Sweetness” Anon talks about the global markets for artificial sweeteners. The growth in markets for the sweeteners, sugar confectionery applications, new product development, and potential future trends are all discussed. This article is mostly about the future and economic growth of sweeteners rather then their effects on the consumers. I found this article under the discipline of Food Science.

Anon. "The Intensity of Sweeteners." EBSCOHost. 2010. Web. 19 Oct. 2010.
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a4769a0966e4%40sessionmgr12&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d
%3d#db=ffh&AN=2010-09-Tb1780>.

Third Annotation Assignment-Brooke Davis

Discipline: Women’s Studies - Sociological Abstracts (CSA)
Keywords: Women AND food
Madden, Helen, and Chamberlain Kerry. "Nutritional Health, Subjectivity and Resistance: Women’s Accounts of Dietary Practices." Sage Publications, Inc. 14.3 (2010): 292-307.
The argument of this article is stating that mothers have a great influence on what children eat, but also that children have the power and ability to persuade mothers what food to purchase. This can easily lead to an unhealthy lifestyle. There are numerous studies she shows that proves her argument. This is useful to me because it deals with exactly my topic involving women being part of the blame for obesity in the United States; by influencing and creating bad habits for their children.

Discipline: Women’s Studies - Sociological Abstracts (CSA)
Keywords: Women AND food OR obesity
Cairns, Kate, Josee Johnston, and Shyon Baumann. "Caring About Food: Doing Gender in the Foodie Kitchen." Sage Publications, Inc. 24.4 (2010): 591-615. Web. 21 Oct 2010.
The argument of this article is that gender plays a major role when working in the kitchen and who is supposed to make food. “Foodies” refer to people with a passion for eating and learning about food. Food is also related to privilege. This is useful to me because it deals with gender and food, and can tell be about women and their relation to food.

Encyclopedic Sources:
Encyclopedia of Food and Culture-Carole M. Counihan
Charles, Nickie, and Marion Kerr. Women, Food and Families. Manchester, U.K., and New York: Manchester University Press, 1988.
This section of the encyclopedia argues that women have the responsibility to cook and prepare food in a household. Despite this responsibility along with their other daily routines, they argue that men will still always have the power in a household. To them, women cook for men, making men have the power. This article is useful to me because it relates to women and food, and their responsibility of cooking which leads to my point of them causing obesity.

Encyclopedia of Food and Culture-Carole M. Counihan
Counihan, Carole. The Anthropology of Food and Body: Gender, Meaning and Power. New York: Routledge, 1999
This section of the encyclopedia argues that the way we think about food, eat food, and make food relates to gender-power relations that are already culturally determined. She argues that women can easily gain their power through food by their control over food preparation. This is useful to me because it talks about the control women have over food and the power they get from it. With this in mind, it can be another reason as to why they are somewhat of the cause to obesity issues.